![]() ![]() ![]() subtilis emerged as the Gram-positive model organism of choice largely because endospore formation became popular as a marvellously tractable system for studying fundamental aspects of cellular development and differentiation. The origins of the standard lab strain, 168, are poorly documented, but its place in the annals of genetics was cemented by experiments in the late 1950s showing that it was naturally transformable with linear DNA (see ). subtilis has a long history, being first described in the nineteenth century. subtilis is adapted for life on plants or in the rhizosphere.ī. Conclusions from an overview of gene content are consistent with the notion that B. Notable gene classes include about 300 genes required for endospore formation, and multiple prophages or phage remnants. subtilis isolates has revealed a ‘pan genome’ (total gene set) of about 6250 genes, and a ‘core genome’ (conserved gene set) of about 2500 genes. Analysis of the complete genome sequences of 36 diverse B. ![]() Complete lists of essential genes have been obtained in a series of global projects, most recently identifying 257 genes required for growth in LB at 37☌. The database includes a hugely comprehensive set of data listing transcriptional units, promoters and regulatory RNAs from the work of Nicolas et al. A comprehensive database, ‘SubtiWiki’ ( ), provides a reliable and user-friendly interface to the latest data. subtilis remains one of the best annotated, through a series of updates, most recently that of. Its was one of the first bacteria to be fully genome sequenced, revealing a 4.2 Mbp chromosome with about 4100 genes. subtilis strain 168 is a tryptophan auxotroph isolated in the 1950s. ![]()
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